Analysis of the Building 建筑设计分析assignment代写
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Analysis of the Building 建筑设计分析assignment代写
MATERIALS and SMALL CONSTRUCTION
HAND OUT: Analysis of the Building Systems
FACULTY OF ARCHITECTURE, LANDSCAPE & VISUAL ARTS, the University of Western Australia
SEMESTER ONE 2016 Materials and Small Constructions Level 2 (ARCT203O)
Unit Coordinator: EMILIANO ROIA
Tutors: Amy Sullivan; Janie Green; Mark Jecks
“THE WHOLE IS INDEED THE SUM OF ITS
PARTS, TRULY UNIQUE AND ALWAYS
CONNECTED.” Axel Vervoordt
VISION
This unit aims to develop students’ ability to critically observe and analyze small-scale
contemporary buildings. Through studies of the relationships between technology
and design, the unit presents various Construction Systems and building materials.
By using a methodological approach based on analytical drawings/ diagrams, the
unit also aims to teach the act of drawing by hand as a way of thinking rather than
just representation. The analytical drawings aim to reveal the underlying patterns of
organization that exist within buildings (e.g. Structure), in order to highlight the
relationship between design and construction systems. Through highly selective
drawings, the analysis is devoted to simplifying and clarifying the some of the
Construction Systems that define a building.
The unit also studies construction techniques, building materials, structure and site-
works for small / medium scale buildings. The unit introduces some structural
systems and behavior, looks at the various parts of buildings, and concentrates on
how technology informs and influences the places and spaces of the built
environment. The unit places particular emphasis on the relationship between
technology and design, which, in my teaching experience, is often perceived as two
separate architectural issues.
Students are asked to analyze four contemporary houses from a list of case
studies, which use different construction techniques. The result of this study will
be displayed in an A4 Booklet.
The A4 BOOKLET
The hand-drawn A4 Booklet investigating the four major constructional techniques
(Steel; Concrete; Timber; Masonry) studying four contemporary small buildings.
Your tutors will provide you with the four case study buildings to study analyse and
then represent in the booklet.
The aim of this Booklet is to study, analyse, understand and represent the
Constructional Systems (Structure, Envelope and Internal) within a small
building. By using a methodological analysis based on Analytical drawings and
diagrams, students will investigate these Constructional Systems and how the
buildings elements are combined. All the drawings within the booklet must be hand
drawn.
The analytical diagrams aim to reveal the underlying patterns of organization and
relationship between design and technology (E.g. Structure) that may not be readily
understandable in the building as a whole or even in its plan.
The analysis also aims to reveal the relationship between design and constructive
choices.
The idea behind this Analysis is to approach a complex object such as a building by
breaking it down into Constructional Systems and design aspects ( Constructional
Systems : Structure, Envelope and Internal).
In other words, analyse a complex object (building) by dividing it into smalls and
more approachable elements.
“A System can be defined as an assembly of interdependent parts forming a more
complex and unified whole and serving a common purpose. A building can be
understood to be the physical embodiment of a number of systems and subsystems
that must necessarily be related, coordinated, and integrated with each other as well
as with three-dimensional form and spatial organization of the building as a whole.
Frank Ching”.
Analysis is devoted to simplifying and clarifying the different Construction Systems
which define a building manufacture. Each drawing should emphasize a particular
aspect of the analysis; therefore the information in each drawing has to be
highly selective. Plans and more general two-dimensional drawings are usually the
key diagrams of this investigation. By studying them it is possible to establish the
underlying logic and highlight the different relationships between design and
technology in a building. Together with the use of two-dimensional drawings as the
primary analytical tool the analysis has to be completed by using three-dimensional
sketches and axonometric drawings: three-dimensional sketches are strong tools
used to investigate the connections between the different members and systems
whilst axonometric drawings intend to provide a complete view of the building
manufacture.
Analytic diagrams have to be interpretative and selective, as each of them will
emphasize certain kinds of information at the expense of others. So all the analytic
diagrams within the “specific analysis” (the part of the analysis devoted to the study
of the case study building) will employ graphic editing because they cannot include
all of the information known about a building for which they stand. Analytic drawings
should leave out some information in order to emphasize certain aspects of concern.
The appropriate way to draw each analytic diagram (e.g. different parts to highlight;
the use of different line weights; axis and lines editing etc.) to convey certain
information related to the analysis has to be interpreted as an analysis within the
analysis itself, and it will be assessed as a crucial part.
The critical point is: the ability to explore a building through varying degrees of
graphic abstraction and selection. As we cannot achieve all the information necessary
to investigate each case study (due to a limitation of information provided by
magazines and books) some parts of the analysis will be in form of hypothesis based
on the knowledge you will achieve by studying the book (general analysis) and
derived from “reading” carefully your case study building and other similar buildings.
Different kinds of drawings provide different kinds of information. Sometimes a
highly abstracted plan shorn of detail can reveal information and ideas not readily
evident in highly detailed plans. Whereas the “specific analysis” with its analytical
diagrams concentrates on specific case study buildings, the introductory “general
analysis” for each section explores the general technological aspects, which define
the technological theme in each case study (general analysis will be studied in the
book: Building Construction System,Frank-Ching).
The booklet must have a cover page with Student’s name, number, and list of the
selected case study buildings, Unit and Coordinator’s names.
The booklet must be of 24 (A4) pages. Every booklet section (Steel, Concrete,
Masonry, and Timber) has to be bond separately (plastic or metal spiral).
For each selected project, analysis should comprehend drawings for:
BUILDING INTRODUCTION
- Introduction to the building (plans, elevations, sections and building
data)
BUILDING ANALYSIS
- Structural System Analysis:
Structural Typology
Structural Pattern
Spanning System
Structural Parts, Joints and Connections.
- Envelope System:
Envelope Typology
Construction System
Patter and cladding
- Internal System
Materials and internal finishing strategy
BUILDING INTRODUCTION (about 1 1 page)
In this session you should present and describe the building exactly as it is (no
Analysis): plans, sections and elevation in an appropriate scale and layout.
ANALYSIS OF THE BUIL DING SYSTEMS (about 5 pages):
Investigation and description of the various technological and architectonics aspects
of the constructional systems of the building. For each system (Structural, Envelope,
Internal) students will produce a Specific Analysis and a General Analysis.
The Specific analysis is the analysis where you will apply the knowledge achieved
through the general analysis on the specific case studies building.
General analysis is an analysis on the general technological aspects which define the
technological theme of each case study (steel, concrete, timber and masonry) – study
on the book “building construction system”-
Structural System
The Structural System of a building is designed and constructed to support and
transmit applied gravity and lateral loads safely to the ground without exceeding the
allowable stresses in its members.
It is possible to divide it into 2 categories:
- The superstructure is the vertical extension of a building above the
foundation.
It is made of columns, beams, and load bearing walls which support floor and
roof structure
- The substructure is the underlying structure forming the foundation of a
building.
Topics to analyse in this System:
- Structural Typology and Unit;
- Structural Pattern;
- Spanning System;
- Structural Parts, Joints and Connections.
Structural typology and unit: It is an overall view and description of the structure. Both
superstructure and substructure must be represented. Every parts of the building that it is not
structural must not be shown.
(In this example, steel case study building: structural typology and structural parts and joints)
Structural Pattern: It is the arrangement of the vertical structural members (e.g. columns,
load bearing walls etc.) During this stage of the analysis it will be crucial represent: axial lines,
geometrical grids, main dimensions and relationships with structural bays and building
layouts.
(In this example, steel case study building: structural Pattern)
Spanning System: It is the geometrical and hierarchical arrangement of principal and
secondary horizontal structural members (e.g. beams, joists, trusses, slabs etc.).
When required by the structural typology (E.g. steel, timber) representation of the primary and
secondary members is crucial.
Primary members are the structural members essential to the stability of the structure as a
whole.
Secondary members are any structural members supported by a primary member.
The secondary structure rests on the primary structure.
The primary structure allows for the long span while the secondary structure allows for the
floor to be supported.
Note: in some cases (e.g. Concrete slabs) you may not have any primary and secondary
members.
(In this example, steel case study building: spanning system and structural parts and joints)
Structural parts, joints and connections: It is the way in which vertical and the horizontal
structural elements are connected together.
Structural analysis usually requires 2 page.
Enclosure System
The Enclosure system is the shell or envelope of a building, consisting of the roof,
exterior walls and openings
- The roof and exterior walls shelter interior spaces from weather and provide a
skin towards the surrounding area. It is crucial factor to study both for a
technical and sustainable. It is also the “face” of the building towards the
urban or natural environment.
- Doors provide physical access. (Entrance is a very important part in any
building.)
- Window provide access to light, air, views and mediate the relationship with
the inner spaces of the building and the surrounding area.
Topics to analyse in this System:
- Envelope Typology;
- Construction system;
- External pattern or cladding;
Envelope Typology
It is an overall view and description of this System.
(In this example, timber case study building: envelope typology and construction system)
Construction System
Is the envelope part of the structure?
Is the envelope load bearing or non-load bearing?
Single layer or multi layers? single leaf or multi leaf?
In this section you should answer at this kind of questions by investigating a relevant
constructional section of your building skin.
External pattern or cladding
It is the last layer of the building towards the outside.
So you should unfold the building “skin” (roof and elevations) and study its main
characteristics by distinguish them on:
Solid parts and voids;
Openings: operable and non-operable windows;
Types of claddings (materials)
Texture
Pattern.
Analysis of the Building 建筑设计分析assignment代写
(In this example, steel case study building: external pattern and construction system)
Enclosure analysis usually requires 2 pages.
Internal System
It is the interior of the building formed by all interior partitions (floors and walls),
vertical connections and mechanical systems essential for building use.
(In this example, concrete case study building: internal system)
Internal analysis usually requires 1 page.
A4 booklet - assessment:
Assessment will consider the extent to which submitted drawings achieve success in
analyzing, interpreting and demonstrating the building systems of the selected
project. Precision, read-ability, clarity of notations and general care for each drawing
will also be assessed. The subjects of the assessment are the submitted A4 drawings
(spiral bounded into an A4 booklet). Specifically the A4 drawings will be assessed
according to:
1-Completeness of analysis (Contents of the analysis)
2-Clarity of analysis (The combination and variety of drawings used in the booklet
to clarify your understanding of the contents)
3-Graphical quality (drawings, layout and labeling)
Analysis of the Building 建筑设计分析assignment代写
